The faults and defects of the breeds: Herding Dogs
Australian Cattle Dogs OCD (osteochondrities dissecans) of the hock Australian Shepherds Hip dysplasia; Dwarfism; Spina bifida Bearded Collies Hip dysplasia Belgian Malinois Hip dysplasia Belgian...
View ArticleSensory Abilities: Audition
The dog’s ear is composed of an outer ear (pinna), auditory canal, and various structures designed to convert sound waves into auditory information. The pinna gathers and directs sound into the...
View ArticleActivities
Swimming Swimming is a great way for dogs to get their exercise. It is a low-impact form of exercise that doesn’t tax any joints, but builds muscles. Dogs that are prone to gaining weight can swim to...
View ArticleAdverse CNS reactions caused by drugs
Ivermectin and related drugs The adverse central nervous system effects caused by ivermectin, and similarly acting drugs such as moxidectin and milbemycin, are well documented in the veterinary...
View ArticleThe Eye As An Optical Device
A primary function of the eye is to form a crisply focused image on the retina. The optical components through which light travels to reach the retina are the cornea, aqueous humor, lens, and vitreous...
View ArticleThe Retina and Optic Nerve
Tapetal coloration of the fundus of the puppy and kitten is usually gray or blue at 6 to 8 weeks of age, gradually acquiring its adult coloration by 4 to 7 months of age when the tapetum matures....
View ArticleThe Lens and Vitreous
The lens develops rapidly in the early stages of embryogenesis, during which time it is nourished by the hyaloid vessel. The fully developed lens is avascular; by the second week of life, no remnants...
View ArticleThe Anterior Uvea
The irides of the puppy and kitten are often a different color than those of the adult. The blue-gray iris of puppies and kittens usually changes to the adult coloration within a few weeks. Iris color...
View ArticleThe Globe And Orbit
Congenital Abnormalities Microphthalmos. Failure of the eye to develop to normal size is referred to as microphthalmos. Complete absence of the eye (anophthalmos) is extremely unusual in puppies and...
View ArticleVelban (Vinblastine) for Injection
ANTINEOPLASTIC Highlights of Prescribing Information A Vinca alkaloid antineoplastic used for a variety of tumors in dogs (& sometimes cats) Contraindications: Preexisting leukopenia or...
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